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−	{{DSS description, Identification	+	{{DSS, Wiki quality control
−	|Acronym=	+	|Has flag=N/A
−	|Name=	+
−	|Contact person=	+
−	|Contact email=	+
−	|Type of the owner organization=	+
−	|Website=	+
−	|Description=	+
−	|References=	+
−	|Development start year=	+
	}}		}}
−	{{DSS description, FORSYS problem types classification	+	{{DSS, Name, responsible organisation and contact person
−	|Temporal scale=	+	|Has full name=EFIMOD-Discrete Lattice Ecosystem Simulator
−	|Spatial context=	+	|Has acronym=EFIMOD
−	|Spatial scale=	+	|Has wiki contact person= Alexander Komarov
−	|Decision making dimension=	+	|Has wiki contact e-mail=as_komarov@rambler.ru
−	|Objectives dimension=	+
−	|Goods and services dimension=	+
	}}		}}
−	{{DSS description, Utilisation scope	+	{{DSS, Software identification
−	|Status=	+	|Has software=EFIMOD.Software
−	|User profile=	+
−	|Initial deployment effort=	+
−	|Adaptation effort=	+
−	|Maintenance organization=	+
−	|User support organization=	+
−	|Support team size=	+
−	|Number of real-life applications=	+
−	|Last utilisation year by users=	+
−	|Typical use case=	+
−	|Number of users=	+
−	|Utilisation in education=	+
−	|Manual=	+
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−	|Deployment cost=	+
−	|Installation requirements=	+
−	|Country=	+
	}}		}}
−	{{DSS description, Functional description	+	{{DSS, Description
−	|Species=	+	|Has description=EFIMOD is a tool to forecast carbon and nitrogen flows in forest ecosystems with strong feedback mechanism between soil and stand. It allows for description and spatial analysis of mixed stand dynamics in boreal and temperate forests at different management and external impacts.
−	|Silvicultural regime=	+	|Has modelling scope=Economical indicators, Forest indicators, user defined
−	|Forest management goal=	+	|Has temporal scale=Long term (strategic), Medium term (tactical)
−	|Risk evaluation=	+	|Has spatial context=Spatial with no neighbourhood interrelations
−	|Input data requirements=	+	|Has spatial scale=Forest level, Stand level
−	|Modelling dimension=	+	|Has objectives dimension=Multiple objectives
−	|Planning scenario=	+	|Has goods and services dimension=Market wood products, Non-market services
−	|Parameterised GUI=	+	|Has decision making dimension=Single decision maker
		+	|Has forest management goal=afforestation management, biodiversity evaluation, biomass estimation, carbon sequestration, climate change impact, conservation, fertilization, fire behaviour, forest ecology, forest fuel harvesting, forest transformation, forest vegetation management, natural hazards, nitrate leaching, nutrient balance, silvicultural regime, yield prediction, wood supply planning, multi-functional
		+	|Supports tree species=Spruce, Pine, Birch, Aspen, Lime, Oak; other species can be included after additional parameterization
		+	|Supports silvicultural regime=user defined
	}}		}}
−	{{DSS description, Models and techniques to support decision making	+	{{DSS, Concrete application
−	|Optimisation algorithm=	+	|Has typical use case=assessment of carbon sequestration, soil dynamics and wood production under different regimes of forest management, climate change and natural disturbances
−	|MCDM methods=	+	|Has user profile=Non-industrial private owners, forest owners associations, national forest administration, NGO, local administration
−	|Knowlegde management methods=	+	|Has country=Russia
−	|Forest models=	+	|Has number of users=<=30
−	|Ecological models=	+	|Has number of real-life applications=<=30
−	|Social models=	+	|Has utilisation in education=presentation/demo
−	|Data mining=	+	|Has tool dissemination=training available on request
−	|Uncertainty evaluation=	+
−	|2D map interface=	+
−	|3D map interface=	+
	}}		}}
−	{{DSS description, Support for knowledge management processes	+	{{DSS, Decision support techniques used in the DSS
−	|Tool dissemination=	+	|Has decision support techniques=EFIMOD.Decision support techniques
−	|Supported KM processes=	+
	}}		}}
−	{{DSS description, Support for participatory planning	+	{{DSS, Support of Knowledge Management
−	|Participatory planning tasks supported=	+	|Has knowledge management processes=EFIMOD.Knowledge management process
	}}		}}
−	{{DSS description, Development process	+	{{DSS, Support of social participation
−	|Number of forest specialists in the development team=	+	|Has support for social participation=EFIMOD.Support of social participation
−	|Development team size=	+
−	|User access control=	+
−	|Team profiles=	+
−	|Software development methods=	+
−	|User-friendliness of GUI=	+
−	|Number of developer months=	+
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−	|Percentage of HR cost=	+
−	|Technical documentation=	+
−	|Number of users on participating in specification=	+
	}}		}}
−	{{DSS description, IT environment & IT requirements	+	{{DSS, DSS development
−	|Operating system=	+	|Has DSS development=EFIMOD.Description of DSS development
−	|Programming language=	+
−	|System type=	+
−	|Communication architecture=	+
−	|Database=	+
−	|GIS integration=	+
−	|Optimisation package=	+
−	|Application architecture=	+
−	|Format of the input data=	+
−	|Format of the output data=	+
−	|Internal data management=	+
−	|Data validation=	+
−	|GUI technology=	+
−	|Scalability=	+
−	|Spatial analysis=	+
−	|Related tools=	+
−	|Integration with other systems=	+
−	|Computational limitations=	+
	}}		}}
−	{{DSS description, Commercial information	+	{{DSS, Documentation
−	|Can be used commercially=	+	|Has website=http://ecomodelling.ru/index.php/en/models/
		+	|Has manual=No
		+	|Has technical documentation=Yes
		+	|Has reference=Chertov et al., 1997; Chertov et al., 2001; Komarov et al., 2003; Khanina et al., 2007; Shanin et al., 2011
	}}		}}
−		+	= ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (needs to be migrated using the "edit with form" link) =
−	== General System description ==	+
−		+
−	[[File:DSS_flowchart.jpg|400px|thumb|Flowchart of EFIMOD-DLES]]	+
−	System name: EFIMOD-Discrete Lattice Ecosystem Simulator	+
−		+
−	Acronym: EFIMOD-DLES	+
−		+
−	=== Brief overview ===	+
−	EFIMOD is a tool to forecast carbon and nitrogen flows in forest ecosystems with strong feedback mechanism between soil and stand. It allows for description and spatial analysis of mixed stand dynamics in boreal and temperate forests at different management and external impacts.	+
−		+
−	[[Category:Decision support system]]	+
−	[[Category:Russian DSS]]	+
−	[[Category:3D visualization]]	+
−	[[Category:Biodiversity evaluation]]	+
−	[[Category:Carbon sequestration]]	+
−	[[Category:Climate change impact prediction]]	+
−	[[Category:Delphi]]	+
−	[[Category:Forest and ecosystem models]]	+
−	[[Category:Forest ecology]]	+
−	[[Category:Nutrient balance]]	+
−	[[Category:Scenario analysis]]	+
−	[[Category:Regional level]]	+
−	[[Category:Soil dynamics]]	+
−	[[Category:Nitrogen deposition]]	+
−	[[Image:EFIMOD_GUI.jpg|300px|thumb|EFIMOD user interface]]	+
−		+
−	__TOC__	+
−		+
	=== Scope of the system ===		=== Scope of the system ===
	The tool provides information to assess forest/soil natural development, forest/land-use management, and different scenarios of external impacts.		The tool provides information to assess forest/soil natural development, forest/land-use management, and different scenarios of external impacts.
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	The system is completely portable: no special installation is required.		The system is completely portable: no special installation is required.
−	==References==	+	= References =
−	===Cited references===	+	== Cited references ==
	<references/>		<references/>
−	===External resources===	+	== External resources ==
	* http://ecomodelling.ru/index.php/en/models/ - description of EFIMOD-DLES		* http://ecomodelling.ru/index.php/en/models/ - description of EFIMOD-DLES

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Latest revision as of 15:42, 2 April 2013

Wiki quality control

Has flag	N/A

Name, responsible organisation and contact person

Has full name	EFIMOD-Discrete Lattice Ecosystem Simulator
Has acronym	EFIMOD
Has wiki contact person	Alexander Komarov
Has wiki contact e-mail	as_komarov@rambler.ru

Software identification

Has software	EFIMOD.Software

Description

Has description	EFIMOD is a tool to forecast carbon and nitrogen flows in forest ecosystems with strong feedback mechanism between soil and stand. It allows for description and spatial analysis of mixed stand dynamics in boreal and temperate forests at different management and external impacts.
Has modelling scope	Economical indicators, Forest indicators, user defined
Has temporal scale	Long term (strategic), Medium term (tactical)
Has spatial context	Spatial with no neighbourhood interrelations
Has spatial scale	Forest level, Stand level
Has objectives dimension	Multiple objectives
Has related DSS
Has goods and services dimension	Market wood products, Non-market services
Has decision making dimension	Single decision maker
Has forest management goal	afforestation management, biodiversity evaluation, biomass estimation, carbon sequestration, climate change impact, conservation, fertilization, fire behaviour, forest ecology, forest fuel harvesting, forest transformation, forest vegetation management, natural hazards, nitrate leaching, nutrient balance, silvicultural regime, yield prediction, wood supply planning, multi-functional
Supports tree species	Spruce, Pine, Birch, Aspen, Lime, Oak; other species can be included after additional parameterization
Supports silvicultural regime	user defined

Concrete application

Has typical use case	assessment of carbon sequestration, soil dynamics and wood production under different regimes of forest management, climate change and natural disturbances
Has user profile	Non-industrial private owners, forest owners associations, national forest administration, NGO, local administration
Has country	Russia
Has references about examples of application
Has number of users	<=30
Has number of real-life applications	<=30
Has utilisation in education	presentation/demo
Has research project reference
Has tool dissemination	training available on request

Decision support techniques used in the DSS

Has decision support techniques	EFIMOD.Decision support techniques

Support of Knowledge Management

Has knowledge management processes	EFIMOD.Knowledge management process

Support of social participation

Has support for social participation	EFIMOD.Support of social participation

DSS development

Has DSS development	EFIMOD.Description of DSS development

Documentation

Has website	http://ecomodelling.ru/index.php/en/models/
Has online demo
Has manual	No
Has technical documentation	Yes
Has reference	Chertov et al., 1997; Chertov et al., 2001; Komarov et al., 2003; Khanina et al., 2007; Shanin et al., 2011

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (needs to be migrated using the "edit with form" link)

Scope of the system

The tool provides information to assess forest/soil natural development, forest/land-use management, and different scenarios of external impacts.

System origin

It was developed by a researchers’ team in the Institute of Physico-Chemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science (Pushchino, Russia) and Biological Institute of Sankt-Petersburg State University with support of European Forest Institute (Joensuu, Finland) and Joensuu University (Joensuu, Finland). First prototype was implemented in 1996 being not a commercial product and based on earlier models by O.Chertov. The tool has been applied in Russia, Finland, Sweden, Canada, the Netherlands, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, and in several international projects (three projects in INTAS EU Program, FP5 EU-Programme Project CT98-4124 “Relationships Between Recent Changes of Growth and Nutrition of Norway Spruce, Scots Pine, and European Beech Forests in Europe (RECOGNITION)”, FP6 EU Programme INCO - 013388 “Impacts and risks from anthrpogenic disturbances on soils, carbon dynamics and vegetation in podzolic ecosystems (OMRISK)” and other projects. It has been implemented also for several applications in frame of the National Program of Russian Academy of Sciences “Change of Environment and Climate”.

Support for specific issues

The system is designed to take into account timber harvest effects, dynamics of ecosystem and forest understorey biodiversivity, climate change effects, landscape analysis methods, nitrogen deposition effects, and fires.

Support for specific thematic areas of a problem type

• Silvicultural
• Conservation
• Restoration
• Development choices / land use zoning
• Sustainability impact assessment (SIA)

Capability to support decision making phases

In current version, the GUI helps the user to compare dynamics of ecosystem parameters (e.g. growing stock, stand and soil carbon and nitrogen pools, biodiversity ranks etc.) at different scenarios of forest management and other external impacts.

Related systems

CommonGIS

Data and data models

Typical spatial extent of application

The application can be used on regional, forest-enterprise, and forest stand scale.

Forest data input

The system uses stand-level inputs from forest inventory database, the pools of soil organic matter and nitrogen in different soil layers, and climatic and hydrological data. Detailed list of input parameters you may find at EFIMOD-DLES webpage.

Type of information input from user (via GUI)

User may define the scenario of forest ecosystem development via specifying various management options, such as different types of cuttings, plantings etc.; external impacts, such as fires, climate change, different levels of nitrogen deposition. For biodiversity assessment, regional phytosociological data is required.

Models

Forest model

The modelling tool of forest ecosystem EFIMOD ^[1][2][3] is an individual-based spatially explicit simulator of tree-soil system that calculates parameters of carbon balance and standard forest inventory characteristics: NPP, Rh, soil available nitrogen, tree and stand biomass by tree compartments, soil organic matter (SOM) and N pools, stand density, height, DBH, growing stock and some other parameters. It includes soil model ROMUL as an important component^[4] that is driven by soil water, temperature and SOM parameters. The statistical generator of soil climate SCLISS was compiled to run ROMUL. The EFIMOD allows for a calculation the effect of silvicultural operations and forest fires. Now it is linked with a system of plant biodiversity assessment BioCalc.

Soil model

The ROMUL model^[5][6] of soil organic matter (SOM) and nitrogen mineralisation and humification calculates the transformation of litter and SOM compartments, the gross carbon dioxide flow from the soil due to SOM mineralisation and the nitrogen available for plant growth. The rate of litter and SOM mineralisation and humification is dependent on the litter quality, soil temperature and moisture, and on some soil parameters. The model validation and sensitivity analyses had been performed using a set of published laboratory and field experiments^[7][8][9].

Climate model

A soil climate generator SCLISS^[10] is used in the model for two purposes: (1) as a method of evaluation of soil temperature and moisture using measured standard meteorological long-term data; (2) statistical simulation (generation) of realisations of long-term series of necessary input climate data with known statistical properties. The model uses monthly average data on air, litter and soil temperature, precipitation, litter and mineral soil moisture.

Model of biodiversity

A model BioCalc (BIOdiversity CALCulator) forecasts dynamics of ecosystem and species understorey diversity of each forest unit along the EFIMOD simulation outputs on a base of standard forest inventory data linked with the results of detailed phytosociological research ^[11].

More detailed description of models you may find at EFIMOD-DLES webpage.

Decision Support

Definition of management interventions

The manager can intervene in the forest: time of harvest, plantations, thinnings, selective cuttings, natural regeneration, converting of forest into agricultural lands and back.

Typical temporal scale of application

The system allows for short-term prognosis (e.g. rotation period) and long-term prognosis (e.g. several generations of tree species) with annual temporal resolution.

Types of decisions supported

• Management level
  • strategic decisions
  • operating control decisions
• planning decisions
  • organizing decisions
  • coordination decisions

Decision-making processes and models

• Logic modeling
• Heuristic manipulation of simulation models
• Simulation (with and without stochasticity)

Output

Types of outputs

Results are reported as tables, maps, graphs, stand-level 3-D visualizations.

Spatial analysis capabilities

The system is linked to CommonGIS.

Abilities to address interdisciplinary, multi-scaled, and political issues

The system produces coordinated results for decision makers operating at different spatial scales, facilitates social negotiation and learning.

System

System requirements

• Hardware requirements: 1GHz x86 CPU, 256Mb RAM, 50Mb disk space.
• Operating Systems: Windows 98/2K/XP/Vista.
• Other software needed: the user does not need to acquire additional software.
• Development status: completed.

Architecture and major DSS components

The system is a set of desktop Win32-applications.

Usage

Research and regional administration level.

Computational limitations

Run time is impacted by the number of management units.

User interface

The system has a standard Windows GUI. Use of the system requires basic forestry and soil science background.

Documentation and support

English version of user manual is now in progress.

Installation

The system is completely portable: no special installation is required.

References

Cited references

1. ↑ Chertov, O.G. Komarov, A.S., Tsiplianovsky, A.V. 1999. A combined simulation model of Scots pine, Norway spruce and Silver birch ecosystems in European boreal zone. Forest Ecology and Management 116: 189-206.
2. ↑ Komarov, A., Chertov, O., Zudin, S., Nadporozhskaya, M., Mikhailov, A., Bykhovets, S., Zudina, E., Zoubkova. 2003. EFIMOD 2 - - A model of growth and elements cycling in boreal forest ecosystems. Ecological Modelling 170 (2-3): 373-392.
3. ↑ Komarov, A.S., Chertov, O.G., Mikhailov, and Autors’ Collective (14 names). 2007. Modelling Dynamics of Organic Matter in Forest Ecosystems [Responsible editor V.N. Kudeyarov]. Nauka, Moscow. 380 p. In Russian with English contents. ISBN 5-02-034053-7.
4. ↑ Chertov, O.G. Komarov, A.S., Nadporozhskaya, M.A., Bykhovets, S.A., Zudin, S.L. 2001. ROMUL – a model of forest soil organic matter dynamics as a substantial tool for forest ecosystem modelling. Ecological Modelling 138 (1-3): 289-308.
5. ↑ Chertov O.G., Komarov A.S. 1997. SOMM -- a model of soil organic matter dynamics. Ecological Modelling 94(2-3): 177-189.
6. ↑ Chertov, O.G. Komarov, A.S., Nadporozhskaya, M.A., Bykhovets, S.A., Zudin, S.L. 2001. ROMUL – a model of forest soil organic matter dynamics as a substantial tool for forest ecosystem modelling. Ecological Modelling 138 (1-3): 289-308.
7. ↑ Chertov O.G., Komarov A.S. 1997. SOMM -- a model of soil organic matter dynamics. Ecological Modelling 94(2-3): 177-189.
8. ↑ Chertov, O.G. Komarov, A.S., Nadporozhskaya, M.A., Bykhovets, S.A., Zudin, S.L. 2001. ROMUL – a model of forest soil organic matter dynamics as a substantial tool for forest ecosystem modelling. Ecological Modelling 138 (1-3): 289-308.
9. ↑ Komarov, A.S., Chertov, O.G., Mikhailov, and Autors’ Collective (14 names). 2007. Modelling Dynamics of Organic Matter in Forest Ecosystems [Responsible editor V.N. Kudeyarov]. Nauka, Moscow. 380 p. In Russian with English contents. ISBN 5-02-034053-7.
10. ↑ Chertov, O.G. Komarov, A.S., Nadporozhskaya, M.A., Bykhovets, S.A., Zudin, S.L. 2001. ROMUL – a model of forest soil organic matter dynamics as a substantial tool for forest ecosystem modelling. Ecological Modelling 138 (1-3): 289-308.
11. ↑ Khanina, L., Bobrovsky, M., Komarov, A., Mikhajlov, A., 2007. Modelling dynamics of forest ground vegetation diversity under different forest management regimes. For. Ecol. Manage. 248: 80-94

External resources

• http://ecomodelling.ru/index.php/en/models/ - description of EFIMOD-DLES