Difference between revisions of "DSD"

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{{DSS description, Identification
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{{DSS, Wiki quality control
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|Acronym=DSD
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|Has flag=N/A
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|Name=Decision Support Dobrova
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|Contact person=Harald Vacik and Manfred J. Lexer
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|Contact email=harald.vacik@boku.ac.at
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|Type of the owner organization=team, research institution
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|Website=http://www.wabo.boku.ac.at/dsd.html?&L=1
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|Description=DSD supports two main silvicultural decision-making problems, both for individual stands:    1. The establishment of new stands. It seeks which species or species mixtures are suitable at particular locations within the project area, including considerations of the effect of climate change.    2. Stand treatments scheduling, given a particular set of management objectives aiming at a future species-mixture stand type.
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|References=Lexer, M.J., Vacik, H., Palmetzhofer, D. and Oitzinger, G. 2005. A decision support tool to improve forestry extension services for small private landowners in southern Austria. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 49, 1: 81-102. Vacik H., Lexer M.J. and Englisch M. 2004. Einsatz des Decision Support Systems DSD v1.1 zur Unterstützung der forstlichen Beratung im Landesforstdienst. Forstarchiv 75 (5): 1-11.
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|Development start year=2002
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|Institutional framework=proprietary development (forest administration)
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}}
 
}}
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{{DSS description, FORSYS problem types classification
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{{DSS, Name, responsible organisation and contact person
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|Temporal scale=long term (strategic), medium term (tactical)
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|Has full name=Decision Support Dobrova
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|Spatial context=non spatial
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|Has acronym=DSD
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|Spatial scale=stand level
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|Has wiki contact person=Harald Vacik
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|Decision making dimension=single decision maker
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|Has wiki contact e-mail=harald.vacik@boku.ac.at
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|Objectives dimension=multiple objectives
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|Goods and services dimension=market wood products, non-market services
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}}
 
}}
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{{DSS description, Utilisation scope
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{{DSS, Software identification
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|Status=not upgraded/not upgraded recently)
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|Has software=DSD.Software
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|User profile=Non-industrial private owners, national forest administration
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|Initial deployment effort=<= 1 day
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|Adaptation effort=parametrised by the user
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|Maintenance organization=forestry extension services Carinthia
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|User support organization=BOKU Team
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|Support team size=2
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|Number of real-life applications=<=100
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|Last utilisation year by users=2007
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|Typical use case=DSD has been developed to support the staff of forestry extension services in the Dobrova region in preparing informed recommendations for forest management to small private landowners based on the owner's goal preferences.  
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|Number of users=<=3
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|Utilisation in education=used by students
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|Manual=Yes
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|Accessibility=restricted access
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|Deployment cost=0
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|Installation requirements=desktop PC, Oracle (R) server
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|Country=Austria
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|Last utilised in education=2010
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}}
 
}}
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{{DSS description, Functional description
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{{DSS, Description
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|Species=Scotts Pine, Norway Spruce
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|Has description=DSD was developed by a research team at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (Universität für Bodenkultur Wien) for providing support for extension services by the local forest administration in Carinthia (southern Austria). The first prototype was implemented in 2001.
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|Silvicultural regime=even-aged, uneven-aged/natural regeneration
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[[Image:Karnten.png|thumb|300px|Map of the States of Austria, highlighting Kärnten]]
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|Forest management goal=climate change impact, economic evaluation, forest health, forest transformation, nutrient balance, species selection
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DSD supports two main silvicultural decision-making problems, both for individual stands: 1. The establishment of new stands. It seeks which species or species mixtures are suitable at particular locations within the project area, including considerations of the effect of climate change. 2. Stand treatments scheduling, given a particular set of management objectives aiming at a future species-mixture stand type.
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|Risk evaluation=pest management, wind hazard
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[[Image:DSD_screenshot.jpg|thumb|300px|DSD screenshot]]
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|Input data requirements=Forest inventory data, Ecological data, Forest ownership data, Data on policies and funding
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|Has modelling scope=Economical indicators, Forest indicators, Ecological indicators, Climate change
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|Modelling dimension=Economical indicators, Forest indicators, Ecological indicators, Climate change, What-if analysis
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|Has temporal scale=Long term (strategic), Medium term (tactical)
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|Planning scenario=Manager is able to choose among three objectives: timber production, nature conservation and biodiversity, or mantaining or improving site productivity.  Changes according to preferences can be analyzed with what happens if scenarios.
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|Has spatial context=Non spatial
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|Parameterised GUI=Yes
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|Has spatial scale=Stand level
 +
|Has objectives dimension=Multiple objectives
 +
|Has goods and services dimension=Market wood products, Non-market services
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|Has decision making dimension=Single decision maker
 +
|Has forest management goal=forest health, species selection, multi-functional
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|Supports tree species=Not species specific
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|Supports silvicultural regime=even-aged, uneven-aged/natural regeneration
 
}}
 
}}
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{{DSS description, Models and techniques to support decision making
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{{DSS, Concrete application
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|Optimisation algorithm=N/A
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|Has typical use case=DSD has been developed to support the staff of forestry extension services in the Dobrova region in preparing informed recommendations for forest management to small private landowners based on the owner's goal preferences.
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|MCDM methods=Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), MAUT)
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|Has user profile=Non-industrial private owners, local administration
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|Knowlegde management methods=database, expert system
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|Has country=Austria
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|Forest models=growth models
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|Has number of users=<=3
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|Ecological models=N/A
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|Has number of real-life applications=<=100
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|Social models=non-market valuation of social benefits
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|Has utilisation in education=used by students
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|Data mining=N/A
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|Has research project reference=Vacik H., Lexer M.J. and Englisch M. 2004. Einsatz des Decision Support Systems DSD v1.1 zur Unterstützung der forstlichen Beratung im Landesforstdienst. Forstarchiv 75 (5): 1-11.
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|Uncertainty evaluation=N/A
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Lexer, M.J., Vacik, H., Palmetzhofer, D. and Oitzinger, G. 2005. A decision support tool to improve forestry extension services for small private landowners in southern Austria. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 49, 1: 81-102.
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|2D map interface=No
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|Has tool dissemination=The tool is only available for the local administration in Carinthia.
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|3D map interface=No
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}}
 
}}
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{{DSS description, Support for knowledge management processes
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{{DSS, Decision support techniques used in the DSS
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|Tool dissemination=None
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|Has decision support techniques=DSD.Decision support techniques
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|Supported KM processes=Knowledge Identification
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|Integrated KM techniques to identify and structure knowledge=Database
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|Integrated KM techniques to analyze and apply knowledge=Expert system (e.g Knowledge Based Systems)
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|KM tools used during the development of the DSS=Database
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|Kind of knowlegde and information processed=Explicit Knowledge, Tacit Knowledge, Procedural knowledge
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}}
 
}}
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{{DSS description, Support for participatory planning
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{{DSS, Support of Knowledge Management
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|Participatory planning tasks supported=defining the problem, exploring options, evaluating options, monitoring and evaluating the process, monitoring and evaluating the outcome
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|Has knowledge management processes=DSD.Knowledge management process
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|Stakeholder identification support=N/A
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|Planning criteria formation support=N/A
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|Planning process monitoring and evaluation=based on automated documentation of the process (PDF)
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|Planning outcome monitoring and evaluation=based on indicators (MAUT)
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}}
 
}}
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{{DSS description, Development process
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{{DSS, Support of social participation
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|Number of forest specialists in the development team=2
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|Has support for social participation=DSD.Support of social participation
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|Development team size=4
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|User access control=yes
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|Team profiles=IT developer, reseracher/analyst, decision maker
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|Software development methods=a DSS master model was developed including the formal model, process model and implmentation model
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|User-friendliness of GUI=several feedbacks by the enduser were utilized to improve the system
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|Number of developer months=36
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|Development cost=<= 1‘000€
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|Percentage of HR cost=90
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|Technical documentation=No
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|Number of users on participating in specification=10
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}}
 
}}
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{{DSS description, IT environment & IT requirements
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{{DSS, DSS development
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|Operating system=other
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|Has DSS development=DSD.Description of DSS development
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|Programming language=C++
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|System type=client-server (desktop)
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|Communication architecture=DSD was implemented in Borland® C++™ as a client/server architecture, with Oracle(R) as the relational database system. Thus, the inteface component of the program resides on the desktop computer of the user, and the application logic is on the central server of the forest region authorities.  The GUI is completely based on Borland's VCL (Visual C Library), and the generation of reports is based on Quickreport™, which uses components of the Borland® C++™ programming environment.
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|Database=Oracle
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|GIS integration=N/A
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|Optimisation package=N/A
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|Application architecture=GUI, database, reporting and documentation, Help/Hypertext, scenario manager
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|Format of the input data=database
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|Format of the output data=GUI, pre-programmed summaries
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|Internal data management=database
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|Data validation=error handling
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|GUI technology=other
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|Scalability=No
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|Spatial analysis=N/A
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|Integration with other systems=integrated with Oracle(R) as the relational database system.
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|Computational limitations=not identified until now
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}}
 
}}
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{{DSS description, Commercial information
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{{DSS, Documentation
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|Can be used commercially=No
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|Has website=http://www.wabo.boku.ac.at/dsd.html?&L=1
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|Has manual=Yes
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|Has technical documentation=Yes
 +
|Has reference=Lexer, M.J., Vacik, H., Palmetzhofer, D. and Oitzinger, G. 2005. A decision support tool to improve forestry extension services for small private landowners in southern Austria. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 49, 1: 81-102.
 +
Vacik H., Lexer M.J. and Englisch M. 2004. Einsatz des Decision Support Systems DSD v1.1 zur Unterstützung der forstlichen Beratung im Landesforstdienst. Forstarchiv 75 (5): 1-11. REYNOLDS K.M., TWERY M., LEXER M.J., VACIK H., RAY D., SHAO G,. et BORGES J.G.: Decision Support Systems in Forest Management IN BURSTEIN F. et HOLSAPPLE C. W. (EDS.) (2008): Handbook on Decision Support Systems 2: Variations. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 800 pp.
 
}}
 
}}
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== General System description ==
 
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System name: Decision Support Dobrova
 
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Acronym: DSD
 
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=== Brief overview ===
 
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DSS developed in order to support forest management in Kärnten's (southern Austria) [[:Category:Pinus sylvestris|Scots pine's]] forests. It deals with new stands establishment and treatment scheduling problems.
 
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[[Category:Finished articles]]
 
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[[Category:2001]]
 
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[[Category:Decision support system]]
 
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[[Category:Austrian DSS]]
 
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[[Category:Government use]]
 
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[[Category:Stand level]]
 
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[[Category:Goal-driven DSS]]
 
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[[Category:Species selection]]
 
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[[Category:Forest transformation]]
 
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[[Category:Pinus sylvestris]]
 
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[[Category:Client-server architecture]]
 
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[[Category:C++]]
 
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[[Image:Karnten.png|thumb|300px|Map of the States of Austria, highlighting Kärnten]]
 
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[[Image:DSD_screenshot.jpg|thumb|300px|DSD screenshot]]
 
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__TOC__
 
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=== Scope of the system ===
 
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DSD supports two main silvicultural decision-making problems, both for individual stands:
 
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# The establishment of new stands. It seeks which species or species mixtures are suitable at particular locations within the project area, including considerations of the effect of climate change.
 
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# Stand treatments scheduling, given a particular set of management objectives aiming at a future species-mixture stand type.
 
−
 
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=== System origin ===
 
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* It was developed by a researchers team in the Universität für Bodenkultur Wien. First prototype was implemented in 2001.
 
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* how was it developed
 
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* is it a commercial product
 
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* Is in use in southern Austria.
 
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=== Support for specific issues  ===
 
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Timber harvest effects, climate change effects, risk assesment methods, biodiversity, and site improvement.
 
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=== Support for specific thematic areas of a problem type  ===
 
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* Silvicultural
 
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* Certification
 
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* Conservation
 
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* Restoration
 
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* Development choices / land use zoning
 
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* Policy/intervention alternatives
 
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=== Capability to support decision making phases  ===
 
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* Intelligence:
 
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*: DSD requires from the user the insertion of forest features data and management objectives.
 
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* Design:
 
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*: For each stand objective different schedules and results are proposed, that then would be evaluated according to the management objectives.
 
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* Choice:
 
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*: The selection among the different management possibilities is made according to the predefined objectives using multicriteria evaluation.
 
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* Monitor:
 
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*: It falls on the final manager.
 
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=== Related systems  ===
 
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* [[SDSS Wolschartwald]]
 
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* [[SDSS Wildalpen]]
 
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* [[CONES]]
 
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== Data and data models ==
 
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=== Typical spatial extent of application  ===
 
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Stand level.
 
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=== Forest data input  ===
 
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Stand characteristics are input via GUI.
 
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=== Type of information input from user (via GUI) ===
 
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Users have to assign a particular forest property to one of the predefined site and stand categories, usin some easily available stand characteristics. They also have to choose the management objectives among the predefined ones employing pairwise comparisons.
 
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== Models ==
 
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=== Forest models ===
 
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Growth and yield models are used to calculate costs and revenues. It has also an additive hierarchical utility model used in the multicriteria evaluation.
 
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== Decision Support ==
 
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=== Definition of management interventions ===
 
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Manager is able to choose among three objectives: timber production, nature conservation and biodiversity, or mantaining or improving site productivity.
 
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=== Typical temporal scale of application ===
 
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Depending on the objective, a short- to mid-term (i.e., 30 years) as well as a long-term planning horizon is distinguished.
 
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=== Types of decisions supported  ===
 
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*Management level
 
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**strategic decisions
 
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**administrative decisions
 
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**operating control decisions
 
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* Management function
 
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* planning decisions
 
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**organizing decisions
 
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**command decisions
 
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**control decisions
 
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** coordination decisions
 
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*decision making situation
 
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**unilateral
 
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=== Decision-making processes and models ===
 
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* Simulation (with and without stochasticity)
 
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* Multiple criteria/ranking
 
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== Output ==
 
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=== Types of  outputs ===
 
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Results can be viewed on the screen, stored in the database of DSD, and be printed in a comprehensive report.
 
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== System ==
 
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=== System requirements  ===
 
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* Operating Systems: Microsoft® Windows® OS
 
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* Development status: v1.1 has been released
 
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=== Architecture and major DSS components ===
 
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DSD was implemented in Borland® C++™ as a client/server architecture, with Oracle(R) as the relational database system. Thus, the inteface component of the program resides on the desktop computer of the user, and the application logic is on the central server of the forest region authorities.
 
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The GUI is completely based on Borland's VCL (Visual C Library), and the generation of reports is based on Quickreport™, which uses components of the Borland® C++™ programming environment.
 
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=== Usage ===
 
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DSD has been developed to support the staff of forestry extension services in the Dobrova region in preparing informed recommendations for forest management to small private landowners based on the owner's goal preferences.
 
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=== Documentation and support ===
 
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More information about DSD can be found at the [http://www.wabo.boku.ac.at/dsd.html?&L=1 DSD website], where e-mail directions of the responsible researchers are given.
 
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==References==
 
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===External resources===
 
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* http://www.wabo.boku.ac.at/dsd.html (in German and in English)
 
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* REYNOLDS K.M., TWERY M., LEXER M.J., VACIK H., RAY D., SHAO G,. et BORGES J.G.: ''Decision Support Systems in Forest Management'' IN BURSTEIN F. et HOLSAPPLE C. W. (EDS.) (2008): ''Handbook on Decision Support Systems 2: Variations''. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 800 pp.
 

Latest revision as of 06:12, 5 June 2013

Wiki quality control

Has flag N/A

Name, responsible organisation and contact person

Has full name Decision Support Dobrova
Has acronym DSD
Has wiki contact person Harald Vacik
Has wiki contact e-mail harald.vacik@boku.ac.at

Software identification

Has software DSD.Software

Description

Has description DSD was developed by a research team at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (Universität für Bodenkultur Wien) for providing support for extension services by the local forest administration in Carinthia (southern Austria). The first prototype was implemented in 2001.
Map of the States of Austria, highlighting Kärnten

DSD supports two main silvicultural decision-making problems, both for individual stands: 1. The establishment of new stands. It seeks which species or species mixtures are suitable at particular locations within the project area, including considerations of the effect of climate change. 2. Stand treatments scheduling, given a particular set of management objectives aiming at a future species-mixture stand type.

DSD screenshot
Has modelling scope Economical indicators, Forest indicators, Ecological indicators, Climate change
Has temporal scale Long term (strategic), Medium term (tactical)
Has spatial context Non spatial
Has spatial scale Stand level
Has objectives dimension Multiple objectives
Has related DSS
Has goods and services dimension Market wood products, Non-market services
Has decision making dimension Single decision maker
Has forest management goal forest health, species selection, multi-functional
Supports tree species Not species specific
Supports silvicultural regime even-aged, uneven-aged/natural regeneration

Concrete application

Has typical use case DSD has been developed to support the staff of forestry extension services in the Dobrova region in preparing informed recommendations for forest management to small private landowners based on the owner's goal preferences.
Has user profile Non-industrial private owners, local administration
Has country Austria
Has references about examples of application
Has number of users <=3
Has number of real-life applications <=100
Has utilisation in education used by students
Has research project reference Vacik H., Lexer M.J. and Englisch M. 2004. Einsatz des Decision Support Systems DSD v1.1 zur Unterstützung der forstlichen Beratung im Landesforstdienst. Forstarchiv 75 (5): 1-11.

Lexer, M.J., Vacik, H., Palmetzhofer, D. and Oitzinger, G. 2005. A decision support tool to improve forestry extension services for small private landowners in southern Austria. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 49, 1: 81-102.

Has tool dissemination The tool is only available for the local administration in Carinthia.

Decision support techniques used in the DSS

Has decision support techniques DSD.Decision support techniques

Support of Knowledge Management

Has knowledge management processes DSD.Knowledge management process

Support of social participation

Has support for social participation DSD.Support of social participation

DSS development

Has DSS development DSD.Description of DSS development

Documentation

Has website http://www.wabo.boku.ac.at/dsd.html?&L=1
Has online demo
Has manual Yes
Has technical documentation Yes
Has reference Lexer, M.J., Vacik, H., Palmetzhofer, D. and Oitzinger, G. 2005. A decision support tool to improve forestry extension services for small private landowners in southern Austria. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 49, 1: 81-102.

Vacik H., Lexer M.J. and Englisch M. 2004. Einsatz des Decision Support Systems DSD v1.1 zur Unterstützung der forstlichen Beratung im Landesforstdienst. Forstarchiv 75 (5): 1-11. REYNOLDS K.M., TWERY M., LEXER M.J., VACIK H., RAY D., SHAO G,. et BORGES J.G.: Decision Support Systems in Forest Management IN BURSTEIN F. et HOLSAPPLE C. W. (EDS.) (2008): Handbook on Decision Support Systems 2: Variations. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 800 pp.

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