Difference between revisions of "SADfLOR"

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== General System description ==  
 
== General System description ==  
  
−
System name: SADfLOR - Sistema de apoio à decisão em recursos florestais (portuguese for Forest Resources Decision Support System)
+
System name: SADfLOR - Sistema de apoio à decisão em recursos florestais (Portuguese for Forest Resources' Decision Support System)
  
 
Acronym: SADfLOR
 
Acronym: SADfLOR
  
−
[[Category:Portuguese_DSS]]
 
 
[[Category:Decision support system]]
 
[[Category:Decision support system]]
 +
[[Category:Portuguese DSS]]
  
 
=== Brief overview ===
 
=== Brief overview ===
  
−
SADfLOR is set of decision support tools for forest harvest scheduling designed for the Portuguese forest specificities. This system encompasses a management information system (MIS) in forest resources ([[SADfLOR/inFlor |inFlor]]), a flexible prescription writer for the most important Portuguese species ([[SADfLOR/SAGfLOR |SAGfLOR]])and a set of models that allow using different methods for solving specific problems ([[SADfLOR/DECfLOR |DECfLOR]])
+
SADfLOR is set of decision support tools for forest harvest scheduling designed for the Portuguese forest specificities. This system encompasses a management information system (MIS) in forest resources ([[SADfLOR/INfLOR|INfLOR]]), a flexible prescription writer for the most important Portuguese species ([[SADfLOR/SAGfLOR|SAGfLOR]]), and a set of models that allow using different methods for solving specific problems ([[SADfLOR/DECfLOR|DECfLOR]]).
  
 
__TOC__
 
__TOC__
Line 22: Line 22:
 
#Cork oak ([[:Category:Quercus suber |Quercus suber, L.]])
 
#Cork oak ([[:Category:Quercus suber |Quercus suber, L.]])
  
−
The user is able to define the sylviculture models for each species, generate appropriate prescriptions and solve the resulting management problem according to a variety of methods. It is further possible to visualize the decisions along time in an embedded GIS visualization tool.
+
The user is able to define the silviculture models for each species, generate appropriate prescriptions and solve the resulting management problem according to a variety of methods. It is further possible to visualize the decisions along time in an embedded GIS visualization tool.
  
 
=== System origin ===
 
=== System origin ===
−
* Developed by the Forest Research Center at the Institute of Agronomy (Centro de Estudos Florestais no Instituto Superior de Agronomia [http://www.isa.utl.pt/cef]). The research and development teams included the Forest Service, the forest industry, the Conservation Agency, forest landowner associations, and other nongovernmental organizations.
+
* Developed by the Forest Research Center at the Institute of Agronomy (Centro de Estudos Florestais no Instituto Superior de Agronomia [http://www.isa.utl.pt/cef]). The research and development teams included the Forest Service, the forest industry, the Conservation Agency, forest landowner associations, and other non-governmental organizations.
 +
* SADfLOR 2.0 was launched in 1999.
 
* how was it developed
 
* how was it developed
 
* is it a commercial product
 
* is it a commercial product
Line 31: Line 32:
  
 
=== Support for specific issues  ===
 
=== Support for specific issues  ===
−
Is the system designed to take into account specific uses? E.g. guidance on ways to characterize biodiversity, economic-biodiversity trade-off analysis methods, risk assessment methods, landscape analysis methods, timber harvest effects, climate change effects, biological effects (pests, pathogens, invasives), fire,...  
+
SADfLOR main objective is optimising harvest scheduling accounting spatial constraints.
  
 
=== Support for specific thematic areas of a problem type  ===
 
=== Support for specific thematic areas of a problem type  ===
 
* Silvicultural  
 
* Silvicultural  
 
* Certification  
 
* Certification  
−
* Conservation
 
−
* Restoration
 
−
* Transportation
 
 
* Development choices / land use zoning  
 
* Development choices / land use zoning  
 
* Policy/intervention alternatives  
 
* Policy/intervention alternatives  
−
* Sustainability impact assessment (SIA)
 
  
 
=== Capability to support decision making phases  ===  
 
=== Capability to support decision making phases  ===  
−
''(NOTE I do not quite know what to do with this, as I do not understand it myself, although it seems related to system use)''
+
* Intelligence:
−
* Intelligence (+ explicit description of the support given by the DSS)
+
*: The SADfLOR system enables the forest manager to become conscious to the spatial harvesting constraints existing in forests and the possible solving alternatives.
−
* Design (+ explicit description of the support given by the DSS)
+
* Design:
−
* Choice (+ explicit description of the support given by the DSS)
+
*: SAGfLOR tool analyse the possible alternatives within the constraints selected by users.
−
* Monitor (+ explicit description of the support given by the DSS)
+
* Choice:
 +
*: DECfLOR tool allows to compare the SAGfLOR's prescriptions, driving the manager to choose among the best solutions.
 +
* Monitor:
 +
*: A monitor step has not been implemented.
  
 
=== Related systems  ===
 
=== Related systems  ===
−
Describe (and/or link to) other systems related
+
SADfLOR is made up of the following tools:
 +
* [[SADfLOR/INfLOR|INfLOR]]
 +
* [[SADfLOR/SAGfLOR|SAGfLOR]]
 +
* [[SADfLOR/DECfLOR|DECfLOR]]
 +
 
  
 
== Data and data models ==
 
== Data and data models ==
  
 
=== Typical spatial extent of application  ===
 
=== Typical spatial extent of application  ===
−
Define the scale of use for the application (user defined, regional, multi-owner forest single ownership forest, Multiple scale interaction)
+
The SADfLOR set of tools was designed to be used at a forest scale.
  
 
=== Forest data input  ===
 
=== Forest data input  ===
−
Describe the basic forest input (forest level, stand level, or individual tree level), and appropriate meta-data, such as data provenance (Areal coverage, Sample of plots, stands, Contiguous forest cover). GIS information is to be considered here, namely include cover tyes and type of information (raster or vectorial, necessity of topological information)  If necessary describe surrogate sources of information
+
Inventory data, more carefully described in the main [[SADfLOR/INfLOR|INfLOR]] page.
−
 
+
−
If necessary describe other types of required data (economic, social)
+
  
 
=== Type of information input from user (via GUI) ===
 
=== Type of information input from user (via GUI) ===
−
Describe what is the information that the user directly inputs in the system if any): expert knowledge, opinion, goals and production objectives, preferences, stand/site information....
+
Some information about treatment scheduling and optimization techniques must be entered in the [[SADfLOR/SAGfLOR|SAGfLOR]] module.
 +
 
  
 
== Models ==
 
== Models ==
  
 
=== Forest models ===
 
=== Forest models ===
−
Growth, Yield, Carbon, Wood quality, biodiversity and habitat suitability, environmental and external effects (fire, storms, pests, diseases, climate change, etc)
+
Growth and yield models for [[:Category:Pinus pinaster|maritime pine]], [[:Category:Eucalyptus globulus|eucalyptus] and [[:Category:Quercus suber|cork oak]] are used in the SAGfLOR module
−
 
+
−
=== Social models ===
+
−
historical and cultural values of sites, values due to peace and quiet, esthetic values, values due to recreational activities, ethical values): E. g. Recreation, Health, Game
+
  
  
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=== Definition of management interventions ===
 
=== Definition of management interventions ===
−
Define what is available for the manager to intervene in the forest: time of harvest, plantations, thinnings, reconversions...
+
Time of harvest, forestation, and thinnings (See [[SADfLOR/DECfLOR|DECfLOR]] for more details).
−
Existence of prescription writer, simple enumeration of all possibilities, scenario simulation , etc.  
+
  
 
=== Typical temporal scale of application ===
 
=== Typical temporal scale of application ===
−
Define the temporal scale of the application: E.g., operational and immediate level, Tactical planning (short term) and strategic level.  
+
Strategic level.
  
 
=== Types of decisions supported  ===
 
=== Types of decisions supported  ===
Line 101: Line 100:
  
 
=== Decision-making processes and models ===
 
=== Decision-making processes and models ===
−
*Logic modeling
+
* Linear programming
−
*Operations research modeling
+
* DualPlan<ref>HOGANSON H. et D.W. ROSE (1989): ''DUALPLAN Version 1.0: A Stand Management Scheduling System. User's Manual''. Staff Papers Series no, 73.</ref>
−
**Direct approaches
+
* Simulated Annealing
−
**Heuristic manipulation of simulation models
+
* Genetic Algorithms
−
*Business modeling
+
* Tabu Search
−
*Simulation (with and without stochasticity)
+
 
−
*Multiple criteria/ranking
+
−
*Other
+
  
 
== Output ==
 
== Output ==
Line 114: Line 111:
 
=== Types of  outputs ===
 
=== Types of  outputs ===
  
−
Types of outputs produced (tables, maps, 3-D visualizations, pre-programmed summaries, etc)
+
Outputs are presented with a GIS visualization tool, and also as graphics and tables.
 +
 
 +
A 3D visualization tool was also developed but this is not in the main SADfLOR package<ref>FALCÃO, A. O. (2004): Integração de um Visualizador Interactivo de Paisagens Florestais num Sistema de Apoio à Decisão em Gestão de Recursos Naturais: Aplicação à Serra da Lousã. ''Silva Lus.'', vol.12, no.Especial, p.89-102.</ref><ref>FALCÃO A., M. PRÓSPERO DOS SANTOS et J.G. BORGES (2006): A real-time visualization tool for forest ecosystem management decision support. ''Computers and Electronics in Agriculture'', 53, 3–12.</ref>.
  
 
=== Spatial analysis capabilities  ===
 
=== Spatial analysis capabilities  ===
−
* integrated capabilities
+
Spatial visualizations are showed at the beginning of the simulation and in the results presentation.
−
* facilitates links to GIS (wizards, etc.)
+
 
−
* provides standard data import/export formats
+
Spatial constraints are accounted in the optimization module.
−
* allows spatial analysis (e.g. topology overlays (e.g. multi layering of different maps, selection of objects based on selection criteria, aggregation by attributes (e.g. areas of similar characteristics), Linking by logical means, Statistics by area, analysis with digital terrain model)
+
  
−
=== Abilities to address interdisciplinary, multi-scaled, and political issues  ===
 
−
Evaluate interactions between different basic information types (biophysical, economic, social). Produce coordinated results for decision makers operating at different spatial scales facilitate social negotiation and learning
 
  
 
== System ==
 
== System ==
  
 
=== System requirements  ===
 
=== System requirements  ===
−
* Operating Systems: (Windows, Macintosh, Linux/UNIX, Web-based, Others)  
+
* Pentium processor above 100 MHz (Pentium II or III recommended)
−
* Other software needed (GIS, MIP packages, etc...) 
+
* 64 MB RAM
−
* Development status
+
* 100 Mbytes of hard-drive space
 +
* CD ROM reader
 +
* OS Windows 95/98 ou Windows NT
  
 
=== Architecture and major DSS components ===
 
=== Architecture and major DSS components ===
−
Describe the basic architecture of the system in software and hardware. Desktop client-server, web based, as well as the  integration with available systems. Basic data flow, focusing on retrieval of required input and propagation and implementations of decisions. Mention its modular and scalability capabilities.
+
All SADfLOR modules were developed using Microsoft® Visual Basic™.
  
 
=== Usage ===
 
=== Usage ===
−
Describe the level of use: Research level use, Industry use, Government use
+
Research level.
  
 
=== Computational limitations ===
 
=== Computational limitations ===
−
Describe the system limitations: e.g. number of management units, number of vehicles, time horizon
+
Computation with too many management units and constraints became too long.
  
 
=== User interface ===
 
=== User interface ===
−
Describe the quality of user interface and the Prerequisite knowledge for using the system
+
SADfLOR has a GUI friendly and easy to understand.
  
 
=== Documentation and support ===
 
=== Documentation and support ===
−
Describe the connection to Help-system and possibilities for assistance, as well as the required training and user support levels
+
Some User's Manuals have been published ([[#External resources|see]]). SADfLOR was further presented and discussed in ([[#External resources|see]]).
  
 
=== Installation ===
 
=== Installation ===
−
* Prerequisite knowledge: Level of effort to become functional
+
Simple Windows guided installation.
−
* Cost: (purchase price, development costs, demonstrated return on investment, cost of use, training costs, licence and maintenance costs)
+
 
−
* Demo: allows the download/utilization of a trial version. If yes, where is it available and what are the trial conditions.
+
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
Line 158: Line 155:
  
 
===External resources===
 
===External resources===
 +
* BORGES, J. G., A. FALCÃO, C. MIRAGAIA, P. MARQUES and M. MARQUES (2003). "A decision support system for forest resources management in Portugal". In: G. J. ARTHAUD and T. M. BARRETT (Eds.) System Analysis in Forest Resources. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Managing Forest Ecosystems Vol. 7: 155-164.
 +
* MARQUES S. et J.G. BORGES (2007): ''Relatório de execução do Sistema de Gestão de Informação INfLOR 2.1''. GEGREN Grupo de Economia e Gestão dos Recursos Naturais. Documento Técnico nº 02/07. 43pp.
 +
* FALCÃO A. et J.G. BORGES (1999): ''SAGfLOR 2.0: Manual de Utilização. Simulador de Alternativas de Gestão''. GEGREF Grupo de Economia e Gestão de Recursos Florestais. Documento No 5. 50pp.
 +
* REYNOLDS, K.M., M. TWERY, M. J. LEXER, H. VACIK, D. RAY, G. SHAO and J. G. BORGES (2008): "Decision support systems in natural resource management". In: F. BURSTEIN and C. HOLSAPPLE(Ed.) Handbook on Decision Support Systems. Springer, International Handbooks on Information Systems Series, Handbook on Decision Support System 2: 499-534

Latest revision as of 07:57, 14 October 2012

General System description

System name: SADfLOR - Sistema de apoio à decisão em recursos florestais (Portuguese for Forest Resources' Decision Support System)

Acronym: SADfLOR

Brief overview

SADfLOR is set of decision support tools for forest harvest scheduling designed for the Portuguese forest specificities. This system encompasses a management information system (MIS) in forest resources (INfLOR), a flexible prescription writer for the most important Portuguese species (SAGfLOR), and a set of models that allow using different methods for solving specific problems (DECfLOR).

Scope of the system

SADfLOR has been designed to provide harvest scheduling plans to the most important Portuguese forest ecosystems. Namely:

  1. Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster, Ait.)
  2. Eucalypt (Eucalyptus globulus, Labill)
  3. Cork oak (Quercus suber, L.)

The user is able to define the silviculture models for each species, generate appropriate prescriptions and solve the resulting management problem according to a variety of methods. It is further possible to visualize the decisions along time in an embedded GIS visualization tool.

System origin

  • Developed by the Forest Research Center at the Institute of Agronomy (Centro de Estudos Florestais no Instituto Superior de Agronomia [1]). The research and development teams included the Forest Service, the forest industry, the Conservation Agency, forest landowner associations, and other non-governmental organizations.
  • SADfLOR 2.0 was launched in 1999.
  • how was it developed
  • is it a commercial product
  • does it have real-life application cases

Support for specific issues

SADfLOR main objective is optimising harvest scheduling accounting spatial constraints.

Support for specific thematic areas of a problem type

  • Silvicultural
  • Certification
  • Development choices / land use zoning
  • Policy/intervention alternatives

Capability to support decision making phases

  • Intelligence:
    The SADfLOR system enables the forest manager to become conscious to the spatial harvesting constraints existing in forests and the possible solving alternatives.
  • Design:
    SAGfLOR tool analyse the possible alternatives within the constraints selected by users.
  • Choice:
    DECfLOR tool allows to compare the SAGfLOR's prescriptions, driving the manager to choose among the best solutions.
  • Monitor:
    A monitor step has not been implemented.

Related systems

SADfLOR is made up of the following tools:


Data and data models

Typical spatial extent of application

The SADfLOR set of tools was designed to be used at a forest scale.

Forest data input

Inventory data, more carefully described in the main INfLOR page.

Type of information input from user (via GUI)

Some information about treatment scheduling and optimization techniques must be entered in the SAGfLOR module.


Models

Forest models

Growth and yield models for maritime pine, [[Category:Eucalyptus globulus|eucalyptus] and cork oak are used in the SAGfLOR module


Decision Support

Definition of management interventions

Time of harvest, forestation, and thinnings (See DECfLOR for more details).

Typical temporal scale of application

Strategic level.

Types of decisions supported

  • Management level
    • strategic decisions
    • administrative decisions
    • operating control decisions
  • Management function
  • planning decisions
    • organizing decisions
    • command decisions
    • control decisions
    • coordination decisions
  • decision making situation
    • unilateral
    • collegial
    • Bargaining / participative decision making

Decision-making processes and models

  • Linear programming
  • DualPlan[1]
  • Simulated Annealing
  • Genetic Algorithms
  • Tabu Search


Output

Types of outputs

Outputs are presented with a GIS visualization tool, and also as graphics and tables.

A 3D visualization tool was also developed but this is not in the main SADfLOR package[2][3].

Spatial analysis capabilities

Spatial visualizations are showed at the beginning of the simulation and in the results presentation.

Spatial constraints are accounted in the optimization module.


System

System requirements

  • Pentium processor above 100 MHz (Pentium II or III recommended)
  • 64 MB RAM
  • 100 Mbytes of hard-drive space
  • CD ROM reader
  • OS Windows 95/98 ou Windows NT

Architecture and major DSS components

All SADfLOR modules were developed using Microsoft® Visual Basic™.

Usage

Research level.

Computational limitations

Computation with too many management units and constraints became too long.

User interface

SADfLOR has a GUI friendly and easy to understand.

Documentation and support

Some User's Manuals have been published (see). SADfLOR was further presented and discussed in (see).

Installation

Simple Windows guided installation.


References

Cited references

  1. ↑ HOGANSON H. et D.W. ROSE (1989): DUALPLAN Version 1.0: A Stand Management Scheduling System. User's Manual. Staff Papers Series no, 73.
  2. ↑ FALCÃO, A. O. (2004): Integração de um Visualizador Interactivo de Paisagens Florestais num Sistema de Apoio à Decisão em Gestão de Recursos Naturais: Aplicação à Serra da Lousã. Silva Lus., vol.12, no.Especial, p.89-102.
  3. ↑ FALCÃO A., M. PRÓSPERO DOS SANTOS et J.G. BORGES (2006): A real-time visualization tool for forest ecosystem management decision support. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 53, 3–12.

External resources

  • BORGES, J. G., A. FALCÃO, C. MIRAGAIA, P. MARQUES and M. MARQUES (2003). "A decision support system for forest resources management in Portugal". In: G. J. ARTHAUD and T. M. BARRETT (Eds.) System Analysis in Forest Resources. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Managing Forest Ecosystems Vol. 7: 155-164.
  • MARQUES S. et J.G. BORGES (2007): Relatório de execução do Sistema de Gestão de Informação INfLOR 2.1. GEGREN Grupo de Economia e Gestão dos Recursos Naturais. Documento Técnico nº 02/07. 43pp.
  • FALCÃO A. et J.G. BORGES (1999): SAGfLOR 2.0: Manual de Utilização. Simulador de Alternativas de Gestão. GEGREF Grupo de Economia e Gestão de Recursos Florestais. Documento No 5. 50pp.
  • REYNOLDS, K.M., M. TWERY, M. J. LEXER, H. VACIK, D. RAY, G. SHAO and J. G. BORGES (2008): "Decision support systems in natural resource management". In: F. BURSTEIN and C. HOLSAPPLE(Ed.) Handbook on Decision Support Systems. Springer, International Handbooks on Information Systems Series, Handbook on Decision Support System 2: 499-534
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