Difference between revisions of "CONES"

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{{DSS description, Name, responsible organisation and contact person
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{{DSS, Wiki quality control
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|Name=Computergestützte Optimierung von NutzungsEingriffen im Seilgelände (german for computer based support for optimizing silvicultural and harvest operations in steep terrain)
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|Has flag=N/A
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|Acronym=CONES
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|Responsible organisation=Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna
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|Type of the owner organization=forest enterprise, research institution
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|Institutional framework=research prototype (R&D project)
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|Contact person for the Wiki=Harald Vacik
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|Contact e-mail for the Wiki=harald.vacik(a)boku.ac.at
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|Contact person for the DSS=Harald Vacik, Manfred J. Lexer and Karl Stampfer
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|Contact e-mail for the DSS=harald.vacik(a)boku.ac.at
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|Additional information=It was developed during 2001-2004 by the Institute of Silviculture and the Institute of Forest Engineering at the University of Natural Sciences and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU)
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{{DSS description, Scope of the tool
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{{DSS, Name, responsible organisation and contact person
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|Description=The greater part of the forested area of the Austrian Federal Forests Company (ÖBf-AG) is located in mountainous regions, which forces forest managers to find optimal solutions between silviculture and forest engineering. Selection of the optimal management strategy is quite a challenge for the people involved in the decision-finding process (forest taxator, forester, forest engineer), given the complexity of the problems that arise when considering the two fields together (spatial relation, time horizon of measures, accomplishing multiple goals, stand and site factors). Possibilities of assessing the consequences of a given extraction strategy in advance are fairly limited. This bears the risk that because of the complexity of the decision-finding process only sub-optimal solutions are chosen. Therefore a practicable and easy to use spatial decision support system (SDSS) was developed for the people invnvolved in the decision making process at the ÖBf-AG.
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|Has full name=Computergestützte Optimierung von NutzungsEingriffen im Seilgelände (german for computer based support for optimizing silvicultural and harvest operations in steep terrain)  
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|Modelling dimension=Economical indicators, Forest indicators, Ecological indicators
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|Has acronym=CONES
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|Temporal scale=short term (operational)
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|Has wiki contact person=Harald Vacik
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|Spatial context=spatial with neighbourhood interrelations
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|Has wiki contact e-mail=harald.vacik@boku.ac.at
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|Spatial scale=stand level
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|Objectives dimension=multiple objectives
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|Goods and services dimension=market wood products
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|Forest management goal=silvicultural regime, species selection, multi-functional
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|Supported tree species=Norway Spruce, Europ. Larch, Scots Pine, Silver Fir, Europ. Beech, Maple, Birch, Sycamore
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|Supported silvicultural regime=even-aged, uneven-aged/natural regeneration
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|Decision making dimension=more than one decision maker/stakeholder
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|Participatory planning tasks supported=N/A
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|Additional information=CONES is a spatial decision support system based on ArcGIS which assists the forester on site in compromising silvicultural and harvest operations. It allows the user to evaluate different treatment alternatives as a combination of harvest and forest regeneration strategies in order to select the pareto-optimal solution for a given situation. Cable yarding system in steep terrains requires the consideration of three previous questions:
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- What is the best silvicultural strategy? (e.g., type and density of entry)
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- Which is the best suitable harvesting system?
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- What is the optimal location of the skyline trails?
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Cable yarding system needs to consider high timber volumes in order to cover installation costs. In this system, close to nature forestry involving single tree or group selection systems is sometimes economically unsustainable, leading to strip cuts and clear cuts, which involve lot of ecology, multipurpose forestry, regeneration, natural hazards, and soil erosion problems.
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}}
 
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{{DSS description, Concrete application
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{{DSS, Software identification
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|Typical use case=t allows the user to evaluate different treatment alternatives as a combination of harvest and forest regeneration strategies in order to select the pareto-optimal solution for a given situation.
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|Has software=CONES.Software
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|Country=Austria
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|References about examples of application=VACIK H. (2005): Development and application of Decision Support Systems for silvicultural Planning and Decision making. International Workshop on “Success and Failure of Decision Support Systems for Integrated Water Resource Management”, 06-07. October 2005, Venice, Italy. VACIK H., LEXER M.J., PALMETZHOFER D., STAMPFER K., LIMBECK-LILIENAU B. (2004): Application of the spatial decision support system CONES for the regeneration planning in mountain forests. Cable Yarding Suitable for Sustainable Forest Management, 23. sept. 2004, Idrija, Slovenia
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|Number of users=<=10
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|Number of real-life applications=<=30
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|Utilisation in education: kind of utilisation (demo, use)=used by students
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|Utilisation in research projects: references=https://forschung.boku.ac.at/fis/suchen.projekt_uebersicht?sprache_in=en&menue_id_in=300&id_in=3423
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}}
 
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{{DSS description, Installation and support
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{{DSS, Description
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|Status=used (stable and not upgraded/not upgraded recently)
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|Has description=The greater part of the forested area of the Austrian Federal Forests Company (ÖBf-AG) is located in mountainous regions, which forces forest managers to find optimal solutions between silviculture and forest engineering. Selection of the optimal management strategy is quite a challenge for the people involved in the decision-finding process (forest taxator, forester, forest engineer), given the complexity of the problems that arise when considering the two fields together (spatial relation, time horizon of measures, accomplishing multiple goals, stand and site factors). Possibilities of assessing the consequences of a given extraction strategy in advance are fairly limited. This bears the risk that because of the complexity of the decision-finding process only sub-optimal solutions are chosen. Therefore a practicable and easy to use spatial decision support system (SDSS) was developed for the people invnvolved in the decision making process at the ÖBf-AG.
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|Accessibility=restricted access
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|Has modelling scope=Economical indicators, Forest indicators, Ecological indicators
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|Commercial product=No
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|Has temporal scale=Short term (operational)
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|Deployment cost=<= 1‘000€
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|Has spatial context=Spatial with neighbourhood interrelations
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|Installation requirements=The decision support tool is implemented using the software package ArcGIS
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|Has spatial scale=Stand level
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|Computational limitations=A full simulation run for hundered years with several management prescriptions might take between 2-5 min.
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|Has objectives dimension=Multiple objectives
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|User support organization=Institute of Silviculture, at the Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna
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|Has related DSS=CONES
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|Support team size=2
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|Has goods and services dimension=Market wood products
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|Maintenance organization=Institute of Silviculture, at the Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna
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|Has decision making dimension=More than one decision maker/stakeholder
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|Price=
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|Has forest management goal=silvicultural regime, species selection, multi-functional
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|Supports tree species=Norway Spruce, Europ. Larch, Scots Pine, Silver Fir, Europ. Beech, Maple, Birch, Sycamore
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|Supports silvicultural regime=even-aged, uneven-aged/natural regeneration
 
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{{DSS description, Data, data model and data management
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{{DSS, Concrete application
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|Input data requirements=Forest inventory data, Forest ownership data
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|Has typical use case=allows the user to evaluate different treatment alternatives as a combination of harvest and forest regeneration strategies in order to select the pareto-optimal solution for a given situation.
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|Format of the input data=spreadsheet, other
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|Has user profile=Non-industrial private owners, national forest administration
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|Data validation=missing/wrong data
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|Has country=Austria
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|Format of the output data=table, graph, map, pre-programmed summaries
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|Has references about examples of application=VACIK H. (2005): Development and application of Decision Support Systems for silvicultural Planning and Decision making. International Workshop on “Success and Failure of Decision Support Systems for Integrated Water Resource Management”, 06-07. October 2005, Venice, Italy. VACIK H., LEXER M.J., PALMETZHOFER D., STAMPFER K., LIMBECK-LILIENAU B. (2004): Application of the spatial decision support system CONES for the regeneration planning in mountain forests. Cable Yarding Suitable for Sustainable Forest Management, 23. sept. 2004, Idrija, Slovenia
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|Internal data management=database
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|Has number of users=<=10
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|Database=Access
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|Has number of real-life applications=<=30
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|GIS integration=ESRI
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|Has utilisation in education=used by students
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|Data mining=N/A
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|Has research project reference=https://forschung.boku.ac.at/fis/suchen.projekt_uebersicht?sprache_in=en&menue_id_in=300&id_in=3423
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|Spatial analysis=Several spatial analysis techniques are applied (point measurements are  automatically extrapolated using Thyssen polygon approach, length of sky line systems is calculated, management area and regeneration patches are calculated, provides standard data import/export formats, topology overlays (e.g. multi layering of different maps, selection of objects based on selection criteria, aggregation by attributes (e.g. areas of similar characteristics, Linking by logical means, statistics by area, analysis with digital terrain model))
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|Additional information=Productivity models are used to analyse individual subprocesses (felling, processing and extraction) of wood harvesting in steep terrain (Stampfer, 2002). Extraction costs for different silvicultural treatment variants
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are calculated by determining the time requirement as a function of site parameters, felling method, cutting volume, and of the spatial dispersion of the harvested timber. Profit is estimated by spreading the cutting volume to possible assortments with varying yield. Time requirement for putting up and putting down the cable yarder system and associated costs are also estimated by empirical models. Based on revenues for timber and harvesting costs, the  
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economically important contribution margin can be calculated. Risk of damage to stand and advance forest regeneration is estimated by 2-stage responsemodels, which first describe the probability of occurrence of a damage event for the modelled entity. Both for residual trees and for advance regeneration damage probability is assessed by means of logistic regression models. Growth and mortality of trees with DBH larger 5 cm are modelled by PROGNAUS. PROGNAUS is a distance independent stand growth simulator consisting of a basal area model, height increment model, mortality model, and crown proportion model (Hasenauer, 2000). Probabilities of regeneration establishment, density, species composition, growth and mortality of natural regeneration are estimated by a series of equations and algorithms taken
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from Ledermann (2002) and Lexer and Hönninger (2001). Within CONES, stand
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development together with developing regeneration can be modelled for a 30-years period.
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{{DSS description, Models and methods, MBMS, decision support techniques
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{{DSS, Decision support techniques used in the DSS
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|Forest models=yield models
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|Has decision support techniques=CONES.Decision support techniques
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|Ecological models=N/A
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|Social models=N/A
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|MCDM methods=Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT)
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|Optimisation package=N/A
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|Optimisation algorithm=N/A
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|Risk evaluation=user defined
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|Uncertainty evaluation=N/A
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|Planning scenario=Alternative silvicultural prescriptions can be computed or an already existing scenario modified. Thereby the user is supported by the scenario  manager. For a given scenario, system costs (personnel expenditure, machinery costs) as well  as current wood-selling prices can be modified. The user defines the type (areal  or spatially selective), intensity (amount of timber) and temporal progression (period) of a  silvicultural treatment.
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{{DSS description, Support of knowledge management process
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{{DSS, Support of Knowledge Management
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|Supported KM processes=N/A
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|Has knowledge management processes=CONES.Knowledge management process
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|Additional information=A complex decision problem like
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forest regeneration planning in mountain forests can thus be structured as an ideal combination
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of silvicultural (i.e. kind of treatment, treatment intensity, stability, and quality of the residual
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stand), technical (productivity, calculation of treatment costs) and economical objectives. The
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formalised model concept in a decision support system allows decision maker to apply
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sensitivity analysis to the considered problem regarding individual factors of influence. CONES  
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permits an optimal support to empirical expert knowledge by tables and figures of relevant data
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and data based warnings in case of clearly wrong decisions. Besides this, CONES also
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contributes to pointing out knowledge gaps and fields of further research.
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|Integrated KM techniques to identify and structure knowledge=
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|Integrated KM techniques to analyse and apply knowledge=
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{{DSS description, Support of social participation
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{{DSS, Support of social participation
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|Participatory planning tasks supported=exploring options, evaluating options
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|Has support for social participation=CONES.Support of social participation
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|Stakeholder identification support=
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|Planning criteria formation support=
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|Planning process monitoring and evaluation=
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|Planning outcome monitoring and evaluation=
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{{DSS description, User interface and outputs
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{{DSS, DSS development
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|User access control=Yes
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|Has DSS development=CONES.Description of DSS development
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|Parameterised GUI=Yes
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|User-friendliness of GUI=user control, error handling and recovery
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|Map interface=2D
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|GUI technology=Visual C++
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|Additional information=Within the GIS environment the user provides basic input data about the current stand and site conditions, designs silvicultural treatment options and selects harvesting systems. The user is supported by various wizards to define the kind of treatment, the number of entries, the planning horizon or individual settings like labor costs or timber prices. Additional information (e.g. location of skyline corridors,  uphill/ downhill extraction) about the harvesting system has to be provided. Expected outcomes of alternative actions are estimated by different models.
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{{DSS description, System design and development
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{{DSS, Documentation
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|Methods applied in the requirement phase=workshops have been conducted with the users
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|Has website=http://www.wabo.boku.ac.at/cones.html
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|Development start year=2001
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|Has manual=Yes
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|Number of development years (100% equivalent)=5
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|Has technical documentation=Yes
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|Development team size=5
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|Has reference=https://forschung.boku.ac.at/fis/suchen.projekt_uebersicht?sprache_in=en&menue_id_in=300&id_in=3423
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|Number of forest specialists in the development team=1
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|Number of users participating in specification=4
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|Stakeholder identification support=
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|Planning criteria formation support=
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}}
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{{DSS description, Technological architecture, integration with other systems
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|System type=extension (based on standard software)
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|Operating system=Windows
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|Programming language=C++
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|Scalability=No
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}}
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{{DSS description, Ongoing development
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|Adaptation effort (man years)=N/A
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|Additional information=The DSS CONES v1.0 is being tested by the Austrian Federal Forests Company in the planning of the use of cable yarding system, and was recently evaluated as part of a master thesis (
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https://zidapps.boku.ac.at/abstracts/oe_list.php?paID=3&paSID=6276&paSF=-1&paCF=0&paLIST=0&language_id=DE)
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}}
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{{DSS description, Documentation
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|Website=http://www.wabo.boku.ac.at/cones.html
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|Manual=Yes
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|Technical documentation=Yes
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|References=https://forschung.boku.ac.at/fis/suchen.projekt_uebersicht?sprache_in=en&menue_id_in=300&id_in=3423
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Latest revision as of 16:42, 2 April 2013

Wiki quality control

Has flag N/A

Name, responsible organisation and contact person

Has full name Computergestützte Optimierung von NutzungsEingriffen im Seilgelände (german for computer based support for optimizing silvicultural and harvest operations in steep terrain)
Has acronym CONES
Has wiki contact person Harald Vacik
Has wiki contact e-mail harald.vacik@boku.ac.at

Software identification

Has software CONES.Software

Description

Has description The greater part of the forested area of the Austrian Federal Forests Company (ÖBf-AG) is located in mountainous regions, which forces forest managers to find optimal solutions between silviculture and forest engineering. Selection of the optimal management strategy is quite a challenge for the people involved in the decision-finding process (forest taxator, forester, forest engineer), given the complexity of the problems that arise when considering the two fields together (spatial relation, time horizon of measures, accomplishing multiple goals, stand and site factors). Possibilities of assessing the consequences of a given extraction strategy in advance are fairly limited. This bears the risk that because of the complexity of the decision-finding process only sub-optimal solutions are chosen. Therefore a practicable and easy to use spatial decision support system (SDSS) was developed for the people invnvolved in the decision making process at the ÖBf-AG.
Has modelling scope Economical indicators, Forest indicators, Ecological indicators
Has temporal scale Short term (operational)
Has spatial context Spatial with neighbourhood interrelations
Has spatial scale Stand level
Has objectives dimension Multiple objectives
Has related DSS CONES
Has goods and services dimension Market wood products
Has decision making dimension More than one decision maker/stakeholder
Has forest management goal silvicultural regime, species selection, multi-functional
Supports tree species Norway Spruce, Europ. Larch, Scots Pine, Silver Fir, Europ. Beech, Maple, Birch, Sycamore
Supports silvicultural regime even-aged, uneven-aged/natural regeneration

Concrete application

Has typical use case allows the user to evaluate different treatment alternatives as a combination of harvest and forest regeneration strategies in order to select the pareto-optimal solution for a given situation.
Has user profile Non-industrial private owners, national forest administration
Has country Austria
Has references about examples of application VACIK H. (2005): Development and application of Decision Support Systems for silvicultural Planning and Decision making. International Workshop on “Success and Failure of Decision Support Systems for Integrated Water Resource Management”, 06-07. October 2005, Venice, Italy. VACIK H., LEXER M.J., PALMETZHOFER D., STAMPFER K., LIMBECK-LILIENAU B. (2004): Application of the spatial decision support system CONES for the regeneration planning in mountain forests. Cable Yarding Suitable for Sustainable Forest Management, 23. sept. 2004, Idrija, Slovenia
Has number of users <=10
Has number of real-life applications <=30
Has utilisation in education used by students
Has research project reference https://forschung.boku.ac.at/fis/suchen.projekt_uebersicht?sprache_in=en&menue_id_in=300&id_in=3423
Has tool dissemination

Decision support techniques used in the DSS

Has decision support techniques CONES.Decision support techniques

Support of Knowledge Management

Has knowledge management processes CONES.Knowledge management process

Support of social participation

Has support for social participation CONES.Support of social participation

DSS development

Has DSS development CONES.Description of DSS development

Documentation

Has website http://www.wabo.boku.ac.at/cones.html
Has online demo
Has manual Yes
Has technical documentation Yes
Has reference https://forschung.boku.ac.at/fis/suchen.projekt_uebersicht?sprache_in=en&menue_id_in=300&id_in=3423
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